#Number Patterns

Some patterns are easy to recognise because they change in a regular way.

• Counting patterns: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Skip-counting patterns: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 5, 10, 15, 20
• Repeating patterns: a sequence of numbers that follows the same cycle again and again
• Increasing or decreasing patterns: numbers grow larger or smaller by the same amount
• Alternating patterns: the rule switches between two steps, such as adding 2 and then adding 3
• More advanced patterns: differences between terms may change in a consistent way

Some patterns are shown with shapes, dots, or pictures rather than numbers alone. In those cases, you may count how many items appear in each step and look for the rule behind the growth.

How to work out the rule

If you want to extend a number pattern, start by comparing nearby terms.

• Look at the difference between each number and the one before it
• Ask whether the same amount is being added or subtracted
• Check whether the pattern repeats in groups
• Notice if the numbers are doubling, halving, or using another clear process
• See whether odd and even positions behave differently

If the rule is not obvious straight away, write the numbers in a row and test a few simple ideas. Sometimes the pattern is based on counting by twos, threes, or fives. Other times it may be a pattern of differences, where the gaps between numbers also form a pattern.

Tips for beginners

A good way to learn number patterns is to say the sequence out loud and write the next few terms yourself. Start with short patterns before moving to longer ones. If you are unsure, ask yourself what changes each time and whether that change stays the same.

It also helps to use visual aids. Drawing dots, blocks, or lines can make a pattern easier to see, especially when the numbers grow quickly. When you solve a pattern, explain the rule in words, not just with numbers. That makes it easier to check whether your answer is correct.

Why number patterns matter

Number patterns train you to notice structure, which is useful in many areas of maths. They support mental arithmetic, help with problem-solving, and make it easier to predict and organise information. Once you become comfortable with simple sequences, you can begin to explore more complex patterns with confidence.